Oven



J. H. MACDERMID AND H. S. WELLS. OVEN.

APPLICATION man MAR. 2s. 1.918.

Patented Mar. 23,1920.

t m z CISL- ATTORNEYS I. H. MACDRMH) AND H. S.,- WELLS.

OVEN.

APPLICATION FILED MMI. 2e. 191s.

Patented M314. 23, 1920.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

INVENTORS J'AIMIS H. Maeda-mici g* )Im ma?. w. II., F2?. .5' 'i im A TTURNEY 5 w/TNESSES.- Fly 4 UNlTED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES H. MACDERMID AND HAROLD `S. WELLS, Oli DETROIT,` la/ICHIGAN, ASSIGNRS TO DODGE BROTHERS, F DETROIT, MICHIGAN, .ll CORPORATION 0F MICHIGAN.

l @paulatina ined in.. i

il b all 'whom it may concern.'

Be it lrnown that we, JAMES H. Maenne- :MID and HAnoLn S. VVnLLs, citizens ol the United States7 residing at Detroit, Michi gan, have invented certain new and useful improvements in. Ovens, oii which the lollowing is a clear, full, and exact description.

This invention relates to an improvement in ovens ol? the type in which the heating el'ect is obtained by direct combustion internal to the oven. lts chief purpose is to provide means lor conserving the heat generated in the oven with the idea o'l economy in fuel. Another purpose is to provide ellicient means tor supplying the air to support combustion so that a minimum amount el? coldair is required.

Another purpose is 'to provide suitable .means for controlling the dilution oiA the air in the oven, produced both by the coimbustion required for heating and also by any gases evolved by the contentent the oven as they are heated.

Still another purpose is to provide means ior producing a constant circulation throughout all parts oil the oven so that a uniform temperature may be maintained.

These being among the objects ot the present invention the same consists of certain features oi? construction and combinations ot' parts to be hereinafter described and then claimed with reference tothe acconnpanying drawings `which `illustrate a suitable embodiment of the invention having the above and? other objects in view.

Figure l is a plan view of an oven ein bodying the present invention.

`Eig. 2 is a vlongitudinal elevation of the saine.v

Fig. 3 is a cross section taken on the line lwof Fig. 2.

Eig. lis a cross section taken on the line rmi er Fig. e.- i

Fig.- 5 is a plan view ot one of the air distributing tubes.

The oven l1 may be constructed of any suitable insulating and heat resisting material. It may also be provided withany desired arrangement for charging and discharging, such, for example, as a conveyer system operating through the openings l2 inthe floor ott the oven, which is here shown as constituted by the floor S ot the buildingin whichthe oven `is located, but as the Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 23, 1920.

Serial No. 2%!728- construction of the walls of the oven and the apparatus :tor charging and discharging are not features ot the present 'invention, they will not be described.

To heat the oven, horizontal pipes lil are spaced. at intervals along the bottoni of the oven and, in the installation shown, are laid transversely Ytor substantially the lull width oi the even. These pipes are pu'ovided with rows ofismall openings on their upper sides and serve as burners for the gas which supplied through them. 1

.itt one side oit the oven the pipes forming the gas burners are extended outward through the wall ol the oven and connected to the manifold .2f-l. Suitable connections :tor slnnplying the gas to this manifold and apparatus for controlling the quantity and pressure ot the gas supplied may also be provided, but are not shown in the drawings as they term no part et the present invention.

Adjacent to the gas burners just described are the air distributing tubes lll which are arranged to extend parallel to the gas burners. As shown in Fig. 5, these tubes are provided with a nuinber of sinall openings in their upper sides so that they deliver streams ot' air in proximity to the jets of issuing from the gas burners. For supplying air to the distributing tubes, the ducts l5, preferably ol sheet nietal, are provided extending longitudinally of the oven on either side and being connectedalternately to the distributing tubes.

These air ducts are connected to the risers 16 which are, in turn, connected at their upper ends to the discharge openings ot the blowers 17. The suction sides ot these blowers are connected to the ducts 1S eXtending along the sides ott the oven near the top. These ducts are provided. with branches 19 connecting with openings in the top of the oven so that the blowers draw a mixture of heated air and other gases Atrono thetop of the oven and discharge it through the systeIn oit ducts just described into` the distributers at the bottom oli the oven. In

addition to the air drawn from the top of the oven, a certain amount of fresh air is also admitted through the branches Q0 into the ducts 18, these branches being provided with danipers for regulating the amount of fresh air admitted. i

Additional openings 2l in, the top of the oven are connected to ducts 23 leading outside of the building in which the oven is located, these duets being provided with exhaust fans 22 for assisting the flow of air and being shown as extending through the side wall 2G of the building. In some installa-tions exhaust fans would probably not be required, but, in the particular application of the invention illustrated, the shape of the. Ventilating duct such that the use of the fans is desirable.

By properly7 controlling the speed of the fans and blowers connected to the circulating system and by regulating the dampers in the inlets 20, it is possible to reduce the amount of air admitted to the point where the amount of oxygen supplied is just Sullieient to support eon'ibustion and the large surplus of airrequired is vovens of previous types, in which the air is not efliciently distributed to the burners, is avoided. lith the amount of fresh air supplied reduced to the required minimum, a corresjiionding reduction in the amount of fuelj required is effected since all the air admitted has to be raised from the temperature ex ing Aoutside to that in the interior of the oven. The arrangement of the present invention also presents the advantage of an eiiieient circulation throughout all parts of the oven since Vall the air entersthe oven through the dis` tributmg tubes which are spaced at close intervals over practically the entire floor. From the custributers vthe air then rises to the to) of the oven where the Greater artthe articles being treated.

.Another feature of the :Itrrangement which assists in heating the incoming air before it comes Yin contact with the contents of the ovenl is the location of the ducts 15 inside the walls of the oven so that they are exposed to the heat and, consequently, serve to warm the incoming' air before it reaches the transverse distributing tubes.

Vhat we claim as new is:

l. Means for heating an oven, comprising a series of pipes for supplying gas, said pipes having perforations spaced longitudinally to yconstitute gas burners, and a second series of pipes, also provided with perforations and arranged in proximity to said further series of pipes for supplying air in jets to the atmosphere in which the llames of said burners burn in proximity to the point of combustion.

2.` Means for heating an oven, comprising pipes disposed in parallelism and provided with perforations, part of said pipes serving to supply gaseous fuel and to constitute burners and part to supply air to the atmosphere in which the llames of said burners burn, said fuel pipes being in proximity to said air pipes.

3. In an oven, gas burners in poximity to the floor of said oven and distributed. suhstantially throughout the entire floor space of said oven and means acting in proximiteto the flames of said burners for supplyingl jets of air to the atmosphere in which said flames burn.

4. In combination with an oven and burners within said Oven, ducts internal to said oven, and adapted to absorb heat, said ducts serving to prefheat the air supplied for combustion, and tubular members provided with perforations for delivering said air in jets to the oven atmosphere in proximity to the llames of said burners.

5. In combination with an oven and burners within said oven, internal ducts extending longitudinally ot' said oven and transverse branches connecting with said ducts, said ducts serving` to pre-heat air supplied to said branches and said branches being arranged to deliver said air in jets spaced longitudinally of said branches and. in proximity to the flames of said burners.

6. In combination with an oven, means internal to said oven for supplying gaseous fuel in jets, longitudinal ducts internal to said oven and transverse branches connecting with said ducts, said rducts being constructed to deliver air in jets in proximity to the jets of gaseous fuel supplied by said means.

7. The combination with an oven having internal burners arranged along the floor thereof, of means for withdrawing air from the top of said oven and discharging it in jets adjacent tothe Haines of said burners.

8. The combination with an oven having internal burners arranged along the floor thereof, of means for withdrawing air from the tor` of said oven and discharging it in jets adjacent to the flames of said burners, said means having provision for mixing with said air a` portion of outside air.

9. The combination with an oven having internal burners arranged along the floor thereof. of means for withdrawing air from the topI of said oven and discharging it in jets adjacent to the flames of said burnersr` said means having provision for mixing with said air a portion of outside air, and beingr arranged within said oven to preheat said mixture before discharge.

10. The combination with an oven having gas jets distributed over the floor thereof and constituting burners for heating said oven, of means for withdrawing air from the upper part of said oven and discharging it in jets adjacentI to the gas jet flames of the respective burners.

1l. In an oven, the combination with burners providing a large number of individual 'flames distributed substantially throughout the area oit' one Wall of said oven, oit means Ytoi supplying air to the iames of said burners 'for supporting combustion, comprising means ior discharging said air in a large number of individual jets likewise distributed ,substantially throughout the area ot said Wall of said oven.

12. In an oven, the combination with burners providing a large number of individual flames distributed substantially throughout the area of one Wall of said oven, of means :tor supplying air to the flames of said burners for supporting combustion, comprising means for dischargiiw said air in a large number of individual likewise distribnted substantially throughout the area oi? said Wall ot said oven, said means being arranged to take said air from a remote part ol said oven and having provision 'for also introducing a portion of air from outside said oyen.

13. The combination with an oven, of a series oi burners spaced. along the liooi ot said oven, both longitudinally and transversely thereof, and means for withdrawing air troni the top oi' said even and delivering it at points on the viloor of said oven ad jacent to said burners and likewise spaced both laterally and longitudinally of `said oven lloor.

la. The combination with an oven and gas jets Within said oven. spaced both laterally and longitudinally of the tlooi thereof ioi' heating said oven, of means for delivering air .in jets in proximity to said gi jets, said air jets lbeing also spaced both laterally and longitudinally oi' the floor of the oven.

D v n The combination with an oven and gas jet pipes extending transverselyT of the oor of said oven and spaced longitudinally thereoit' for heating said oven, ot' a series of air jet pipes alternating with the gas jet pipes for delivering air in proximity to said gas jets, and duets within said oven and heated by the heat 'thereof for delivering air to said f Iiating `with the gas jet pipes and arranged to deliver air in proximity to said gas jets, and means comprising ducts Within said oven and arranged to be heated by the heatV thereof tor conveying air from points in said oven remote from said jets to said air jet pipes.

17. rlhe combination with an oven and a series of parallel gas jet pipes arranged transversely of the floor of said oven and spaced longitudinally thereof for heating said oven, of a series ot air jet pipes alter nating with the gas jet pipes and arranged to deliver air in proximity to said gas jets. and means comprising ducts within said oven and arranged to be heated by the heat thereof for conveying air from points in said oven remote from said jets to said air jet pipes, and means for mixing fresh air with said oven air on its Way to said air jet pipes.

Signed at Detroit, Mich., this 23rd. day of Marchl` 1918.

JAMES H. MACDERMID. HAROLD S. WELLS. Witnesses:

ALFRED H. KNIGHT, Gao. W. Hnnennaonrmin.

It is hereby certified that in LettersPetent No. 1,334,465, granted Merch 23,

1920, upon the application of emes H. Meedermid and Harold S. Wells, of

Detroit, Michigan, for an improvement in Ovens, errors appear in the printed specification requiring correction as follows: Page 2,1ine 19, for the wo1'dis reed in; page, line 61, eleiin 1, for the Word further reed Jimi; seme page,

line 73, Claim 3, for the Word poXimity reed proximity; and that the seid Letters Patent should be read with these corrections therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent OHiee.'

Signed `and eeeledA this 27th day of'April, A. D., 1920.

' M. H. ooULSToN,

[SEAL] Acting Commissioner of Patents.

Cl. 26S-15. l 

